The route. Oil is oral: it is swallowed, it meets hepatic first-pass metabolism through CYP2C19 and CYP3A4 and then UGT1A7, UGT1A9 and UGT2B7, and it produces measurable plasma cannabidiol within hours. A topical acts where it is applied, and the human data on how much reaches anywhere else is thin. The largest controlled study had 46 healthy adults apply a CBD cream, lotion, patch, balm or gel twice a day for 9 days. Transdermal absorption was observed for three of the five active products, concentrations peaked after 7 to 10 days, and the highest came from the lotion, which held the most cannabidiol and a vitamin E permeation enhancer.
A 2021 UK position paper on dermal cannabidiol reached the blunter version of the same point: no good quality human in vivo data existed, dermal absorption was likely under 10 percent of oral, and there was not enough information to carry out a risk assessment. The oral side has a lever nobody can offer for a topical: a high-fat, high-calorie meal raised peak cannabidiol concentration 5-fold and total exposure 4-fold at 750 and 1,500 mg doses.
It shows up in what can reasonably be expected. A cream is an oil-in-water emulsion; Endoca’s Salve with 250-750 mg CBD and Body Butter are built from botanical oils and waxes with no water phase, which is why they are labelled salve and butter. That changes feel and spread rather than pharmacology. What it does not change is the dose problem: nobody can say how many milligrams a smear delivers, because amount, area and skin all vary and none of it has been measured in a human.
The trial record is mixed and small. A 4-week randomised trial in 29 people with symptomatic peripheral neuropathy used a topical cannabidiol oil at 250 mg per 3 fluid ounces and recorded statistically significant reductions in intense pain, sharp pain, and cold and itchy sensations. A crossover trial in 15 adults recorded no acceleration of muscle function recovery and no reduction in soreness after muscle-damaging exercise. A 2026 systematic review of three trials in chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy, one of them a topical cannabidiol arm, recorded no improvement over placebo. One small positive against two null results is the whole record.
These formats answer different questions and only one has a measured systemic profile. For the topical side the honest summary is that systemic absorption is small, slow and absent for some products entirely, the local amount delivered is unmeasurable, and the trial record is one small positive against two null results. That is the whole of it.
These are not substitutes, so the question is what you want rather than which is stronger. The oil gives a measurable amount on a schedule you control, 5 mg at a time, with the FSA 10 mg a day figure easy to count against. A salve or the body butter goes on a chosen patch of skin, and is best judged on how the skin feels rather than on absorption. If a topical is sold to you on the basis of blood levels, the evidence does not support that. Patch test anything new on a small area.
The two formats sit under different regimes. A CBD oil taken by mouth is a food supplement, and CBD food products are novel foods under Regulation (EU) 2015/2283 as retained in UK law, so they need authorisation before being placed on the market and the FSA public list records applications rather than approvals. A topical for external use is a cosmetic product and falls outside the novel food regime entirely, so the public list and the 10 mg a day advice do not apply to it. Neither can carry a health claim. Regulation (EC) 1924/2006 bars unauthorised health claims on food, and no cannabidiol claim is authorised.
The 2021 position paper on dermal cannabidiol is the clearest UK statement available: there was insufficient information on the pharmacokinetics and toxicity of dermal CBD to conduct a risk assessment, no good quality in vivo or in vitro data to estimate systemic doses, and repeat application could accumulate in skin layers. For the oil, FSA advice from October 2023 caps healthy adults at 10 mg of CBD a day and advises against CBD for anyone under 18, on medication, trying to conceive, pregnant or breastfeeding. The 1 mg per container limit on controlled cannabinoids applies to both.
The extract behind the drops and behind the salve comes off land we farm and through supercritical CO2 equipment we own, with batch analysis in public since 2010 at lab.endoca.com. Third party laboratories set the cannabinoid figures using HPLC with NMR confirmation, and screen for more than 200 pesticides, heavy metals and mycotoxins. For a topical the limit of all that is sharper than usual. The certificate describes the contents of the jar, and no laboratory method describes what crosses skin.
Sometimes, in small amounts, slowly. Among 46 adults using five commercial CBD topicals twice daily, blood cannabidiol registered for three of the five products and peaked only once 7 to 10 days of use had passed. In the other two it was never detected.
Three things. Blood concentrations in 46 adults across five products, pain scores in a 4-week trial of 29 people with peripheral neuropathy, and muscle recovery in 15 adults where nothing changed. A 2026 review of three neuropathy trials recorded no improvement over placebo.
Not as such. The topical range is the Salve with 250-750 mg CBD, the Body Butter with 450-1500mg CBD and the Mint Muscle Salve. Those are oil and wax formulations rather than water-based creams, which changes how they feel and how they spread.
No. That advice concerns CBD in food, and a topical for external use is a cosmetic product rather than a food. UK reviewers looking at dermal cannabidiol in 2021 found insufficient data to carry out a risk assessment at all, so no equivalent figure exists.
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Last reviewed 1 October 2026.
These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.